Introduction India’s Anti-Defection Law, introduced through the Tenth Schedule in 1985, aimed to stop the rampant party-switching that had weakened governments in the 1960s and 1970s. However, four decades later, the law has not ended defections but changed how they occur, with partisan Speakers and strategically planned two-thirds mergers turning it from a democratic safeguard into a tool of political consolidation. This essay critically examines that transformation, drawing

Introduction One can find the line, ‘smoking is injurious to health’ on the cigarette packs. However, the line, ‘breathing can be injurious to health’, holds equal truth and significance for the residents of Delhi. Some reports indicate that even non-smokers inhale air equivalent to smoking around 50 cigarettes per day . In Subhas Kumar v State of Bihar (1991) , the Supreme Court held that the right to get pollution-free water and air is a fundamental right of citizens under

Introduction The Left in India has had a significant political presence in the years succeeding independence, the age of Congress...

I hate that phrase “the real world.” Why is an aircraft factory more real than a university? Is it? In universities, I have had in my...